Turbine



May '22,- 1923.

WQ J. EDNEYl Filed Sept. 1,'1922 ffofcneg Patented May 22, i923..

WILLIAMS JOI-IN EDNEY, OF SUTTON, ENGLAND.

Application filed September T 0 all w/tom t may concern v Ee it knownthat VVILLmM JOHN ED- NEY, of Granville, Langley Park Road, Sutton, inthe county of Surrey, England, a subject of the King of Great Britain,have invented certain new and useful improvements in rllurbines, ofwhich the following is a specification.

This invention relates to turbines of the type in which the rotorcomprises a drum and al bandspiraled around the periphery of the drum toform a continuous duct of several convolutions and one of the purposesof the invention is to increase the eliiciency of the rotor by formingsaid band to present a multitudinous succession of baflies or frictionalresistances to the flow of the motive fluid which is circulated throughthe duct by either suction or pressure.

A further purpose of the invention is to A provide the rotor with'inletand outlet chambers communicating with the ends of the duct and formedin a novel manner between cooperating members of the band and drumstructure so as to revolve therewith.

A further purpose of the invention is to provide a novel interlockingconnection between the drum and engaging portions of the band wherebythe latter is securely7 keyed to the drum independently of the screws orother fastening means usually employed for holding the band in position.

A still further purpose of the invention is to design the rotor for useeither with or without an outer casing, certain parts of the rotoremployed to form a. chamber coinmunicating with the outer end of theduct when the rotor is unenclosed, being omitted when an outer casing isprovided so as to leave the outer end of the duct open to the interiorof the casing.

Other purposes and advantages of the invention, not specifically statedabove` will become apparent from the following detailed description andaccompanying drawings, in which- Fig. 1 is a vertical longitudinalsectional view through one-half of a rotor constructed in accordancewith my invention.

Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1 but showing a modification of theinvention.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary vertical transverse section on the line 3 3 ofFig. 1.

Fig. 4: is a view similar to Fig. 3 but taken along the line 4 4 of Fig.2.

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary, vertical, trans- TURBINE. i

i, 1922. serial No. 585,781.

verse, sectional view of a further modification of the inventionshowing` the rotor as constructed for enclosure in an outer casing.

Fig. 6 is a detailed sectional view taken alono' the line 6*(3 of Fig. 1showing the interocking connection between the band and the drumstructure; and

Fig. 7 is a sectional detailed view of a modified form of band.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, 5 represents a drumequipped with end flanges 6 and 7 and an intermediate flange 8 andhaving the peripheral portion thereof cut away or recessed to form achannel 9 extending between the flanges 6 and 7 and through theintermediate flange 8, the latter being slotted for this purpose asindicatedl In the form of invention illustrated in Figs. 1 and 3, theinner sides of the end flanges and both sides of the intermediate flangeare stepped to provide a series of bearing faces 11 separated by risers12 which are graduated to increase in radial depth from the periphery ofthe drum to the outer perimeter of the flanges. These bearing surfaces11 are utilized, as shown, to support and separate the severalconvolutions of the spi rally wound bands 13, which are of the graduallywidening type and have their inner ends fastened to the Vperiphery ofthe drum in spaced relation to a .radial wall 14 of the channel 9 sothat the said channel forms an inlet chamber or port which is closed atthe outer side by the convolutions of the bands 13 and at the ends bythe flanges G and 7. The flange 6 is apertured for the connection of aninlet pipe 15 through which fluid is admitted. to the channel 9 to passoutwardly through the duct 16 formed between the convolntions of eachband. In. tlns connection, it will be noted that the band is corrugatedor cross channeled on both sides in such manner as to provide a seriesof baffles 17 along opposite sides of the duct 16 whereby increasedfrictional resistance is offered to the flow of the motive fluid.

As shown to advantage in Fig. 6 the marginal portions of the bands 13resting on the bearing faces 11 are keyed to the latter by a tongue andgroove connection 18, suitable packing 19 being interposed between thebands and bearing faces to prevent leakage therebetween. In addition tothis interfitting connection the bands are further l so as to provide anber 2aeXtending between the flanges held to the bearing faces by means'of screws 20.

As the type of rotor disclosed in Figs. 1 and 3 is intended to be usedwithout an outer casing, the bands 13 are enclosed within annular coverplates 21 having the marginal edges thereof suitably secured kto ktheend and intermediate flanges ot the drum. A packing strip 22 isinterposed between the bands and the cover 21 in spaced relation totheouter terminals 23 of the bands i intervening outlet cham- 6 and 7 andthrough tlieintermediate flange 3 by reason of a slot 25 formed in thelatterfor this purpose. The flange v6 is provided with an outletopeningto which is connected an outlet conduit 26 through which thefluid passes from the chamber 24. The inlet and outlet pipes 15 and 26,respectively arevcarfried `from the flange 6 through. the vshaft 27 onwhich the drum 5 is mounted.

- In the operation of the turbine the fiui'd passes through the pipey 15to the inner chamberl or channel 9 and from thence through the ducts 16ot' the several bands to y the outer chamber 22 and outlet pipe 26 and.

it will vbe noted in' this connection that the duct 16 graduallyincreases in radi'alde'pth from they inner to the outer end as theyresult of the aforementioned graduation of the' risers 12 interveningbetween the several kil convolutions of they band.

In the modification disclosed in Fig.r 2,

" the stepped bearing faces 11 are eliminated and the bands madeA oruniformA width throughout, the necessary clearance between theconvolutions of each'band to provide the' duct 16 being obtained byproviding' the band with raised or thickened margins 28. In this form otinvention, the duct 16 is sealed or closed at the sides by welding o'rotherwise cementing the convolutions of the ybands together at thethickened marginal portions 28. The keying of thistype of band to thedrinn is effected by providing the inner sides-of `the fianges 6 and 7and both sides of the intermediate flange 8 with radiallydisposedribsr29 fitting in radial recesses 30 formed in the marginalportions oi' the band. By suitably graduating i. y shown in Fig; 4.

the raised margins 28 employed in this 'form of invent-ion, theclearance space or duct 16 'formed between the convolutions of the bandis graduallyv increased vin radialr depth from the inner to the outerend, as

In thev further modifications shown in Fig'. 5, the coverplates 21 andpacking strip 22'of the preceding figures" omitted, so as to leave theouter end of the duct 16 open tothe interior of a stationary outercasing 31 in whichthe rotor enclosed.r In this form .ofsinventiomtfhechamber formed between they rotor and the casing 31 may be subjected toeither pressure o`r mechanically actuated suction and the motive fluidwithdrawnor admitted by way of the pipe 15 previously described,in whichcase natural wind pressure conducted by a pipe from a cowl or the likemay be employed.A

It will also be apparent, that in the construction disclosed in Fig. 1the pipe 15 may be used either as the inlet orA outlet pipe, dependingon whether it is desired tol circulate the motive iiuid toward or awayfrom the drum 5 and the said circulation may be effected in any desiredmanner by either pressure or suction. y i The bands 13 are preferablyformed 'in one continuous length, but, if desired, may ybe made up ofseveral sections joined by a tongue and groove connection, as disclosedin Fig 7, suitable packing being interposed between the meeting edgesofthe sections as indicated 'at 32. .Y

As many changes `could belmade inthe above construction andk manywidelydifferent embodiments of my inventionwithin the' scope of the"claims, constructed without de-v parting from the spirit or scopethereof, it is intended that all matter contained in the accompanyingspecification and Vdrawings shall be yinterpreted as illustrative andnotfin a limiting sense.

What l claim' as 'my invention is:

1. A turbine comprising a drum,`a band spiraled around the drum to forma continuy ous duct ofseveral convolutions, means clos-r ing the duct atthe sides, an inlet chamber formed conjointly by the band and drumstructure at the inner end ofthe duct', an outlet chamber formedconjointly bythe band and drum structure at the outer end of the ductand inlet and voutletconduits connected with said. chambers.

2. A turbine comprising a drum provided with a transverse peripheralrecess, a band spiraled around the drum to form a continuous duct ofseveral convolutions, the inner end of the band being secured to theperiphery of the drum in spaced relation toa wall of said recess so asto provide an intervening chamber closed at the outer side'fny'v iinlet` atits inner end, flanges carried .tflie` drum andengagingthersides-of the bfftrid,l a y cover positioned between flangesanden.` closing the band and a packingv strip interposed between thecover and the band in spaced relation to the outer terminal of the bandto form an outlet chamber connnunicating with tli'e outer end of saidduct and an outlet conduit connected with said chamber.

4. A turbine comprising a drum equipped with spaced anges, a bandspiraled around the drum between said flanges to form a continuous ductor' several convolutions having an inlet at the inner end and outlet atthe outer end, said iianges and engaging portions of the band beingformed with interfitting projections serving to key the band to the drumto prevent creeping of the band.

5. A turbine comprising a drum equipped with spaced flanges having theinner sides formed to provide stepped bearing surfaces, a band ofgradually increasing width spiraled around the drum with the severalconvolutions of the band resting upon and secured to said bearingsurfaces, the marginal portions of the band and the engaging bearingsurfaces being provided with interitting projections serving to key theband to the drum to prevent creeping of the band.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twowitnesses.

1WILLIAM JOHN EDNEY.

Witnesses:

ARTHUR THOMAS BRAYBROOKE, HENRY MooRHoUsE LYMBERRY.

